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Compare Saint Helena (2006) - Paracel Islands (2001)

Compare Saint Helena (2006) z Paracel Islands (2001)

 Saint Helena (2006)Paracel Islands (2001)
 Saint HelenaParacel Islands
Administrative divisions 1 administrative area and 2 dependencies*; Ascension*, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha* -
Age structure 0-14 years: 18.8% (male 717/female 692)


15-64 years: 71.2% (male 2,751/female 2,593)


65 years and over: 10% (male 342/female 407) (2006 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products coffee, corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, lobster (on Tristan da Cunha) -
Airports 1


note: Wideawake Field on Ascension Island (2006)		 1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2006)		 total:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Area total: 413 sq km


land: Saint Helena Island 122 sq km; Ascension Island 90 sq km; Tristan da Cunha island group 201 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total:
NA sq km

land:
NA sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC NA
Background Saint Helena is a British Overseas Territory consisting of Saint Helena and Ascension Islands, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha.


Saint Helena: Uninhabited when first discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, Saint Helena was garrisoned by the British during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile, from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. During the Anglo-Boer War in South Africa, several thousand Boer prisoners were confined on the island between 1900 and 1903.


Ascension Island: This barren and uninhabited island was discovered and named by the Portuguese in 1503. The British garrisoned the island in 1815 to prevent a rescue of Napoleon from Saint Helena and it served as a provisioning station for the Royal Navy's West Africa Squadron on anti-slavery patrol. The island remained under Admiralty control until 1922, when it became a dependency of Saint Helena. During World War II, the UK permitted the US to construct an airfield on Ascension in support of trans-Atlantic flights to Africa and anti-submarine operations in the South Atlantic. In the 1960s the island became an important space tracking station for the US. In 1982, Ascension was an essential staging area for British forces during the Falklands War, and it remains a critical refueling point in the air-bridge from the UK to the South Atlantic.


Tristan da Cunha: The island group consists of the islands of Tristan da Cunha, Nightingale, Inaccessible, and Gough. Tristan da Cunha is named after its Portuguese discoverer (1506); it was garrisoned by the British in 1816 to prevent any attempt to rescue Napoleon from Saint Helena. Gough and Inaccessible Islands have been designated World Heritage Sites. South Africa leases the site for a meteorological station on Gough Island.		 This archipelago is surrounded by productive fishing grounds and potentially large oil reserves. In 1932, French Indochina annexed the islands and set up a weather station on Prattle Island; maintenance was continued by its successor Vietnam. China has occupied the Paracel Islands since 1974, when its troops captured a South Vietnamese garrison occupying the western islands. However, the islands are still claimed by Vietnam and Taiwan.
Birth rate 12.13 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) -
Budget revenues: $11.2 million


expenditures: $11 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (FY92/93)		 -
Capital name: Jamestown


geographic coordinates: 15 56 S, 5 44 W


time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)		 -
Climate Saint Helena: tropical marine; mild, tempered by trade winds


Ascension Island: tropical marine; mild, semi-arid


Tristan da Cunha: temperate marine; mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)		 tropical
Coastline Saint Helena: 60 km


Ascension Island: NA


Tristan da Cunha: 40 km		 518 km
Constitution 1 January 1989 -
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Saint Helena		 conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Paracel Islands
Death rate 6.53 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) -
Debt - external $NA -
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Disputes - international none occupied by China, but claimed by Taiwan and Vietnam
Economic aid - recipient $12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997) -
Economy - overview The economy depends largely on financial assistance from the UK, which amounted to about $5 million in 1997 or almost one-half of annual budgetary revenues. The local population earns income from fishing, raising livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, 25% of the work force has left to seek employment on Ascension Island, on the Falklands, and in the UK. China announced plans in 1997 to open the islands for tourism.
Electricity - consumption 4.65 million kWh (2003) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2003) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2003) -
Electricity - production 5 million kWh (2003) -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,062 m; Green Mountain on Ascension Island 859 m; Mount Actaeon on Saint Helena Island 818 m		 lowest point:
South China Sea 0 m

highest point:
unnamed location on Rocky Island 14 m
Environment - current issues NA NA
Ethnic groups African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25% -
Exchange rates Saint Helenian pounds per US dollar - 0.55 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002), 0.6947 (2001)


note: the Saint Helenian pound is on par with the British pound		 -
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Governor and Commander in Chief Michael CLANCY (since 15 October 2004)


cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, three ex-officio officers, and five elected members of the Legislative Council


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch		 -
Exports NA bbl/day -
Exports - commodities fish (frozen, canned, and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), coffee, handicrafts -
Exports - partners Tanzania 37.7%, US 17.4%, Japan 15.2%, UK 8.4%, Nigeria 4.8%, Spain 4.5% (2005) -
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March -
Flag description blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%		 -
GDP - real growth rate NA% -
Geographic coordinates Saint Helena: 15 57 S 5 42 W


Ascension Island: 7 57 S 14 22 W


Tristan da Cunha island group: 37 15 S 12 30 W		 16 30 N, 112 00 E
Geography - note Saint Helena harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns; Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha is the highest island mountain in the South Atlantic and a prominent landmark on the sea lanes around southern Africa -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%		 -
Imports NA bbl/day -
Imports - commodities food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts -
Imports - partners UK 53.5%, South Africa 14.3%, Spain 10.3%, Tanzania 8.5%, US 4.6% (2005) -
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing, philatelic sales -
Infant mortality rate total: 18.34 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 21.96 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 14.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)		 -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.2% (1997 est.) -
International organization participation ICFTU, UPU -
Irrigated land NA 0 sq km (1993)
Judicial branch Magistrate's Court; Supreme Court; Court of Appeal -
Labor force 2,486


note: 1,200 work offshore (1998 est.)		 -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: 6%


industry: 48%


services: 46% (1987 est.)		 -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 12.9%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 87.1% (2005)		 arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
100%
Languages English -
Legal system British common law and statutes, supplemented by local statutes -
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council (16 seats, including the speaker, 3 ex officio and 12 elected members; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 31 August 2005 (next to be held NA 2009)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 12		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 77.93 years


male: 75.02 years


female: 80.98 years (2006 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: age 20 and over can read and write


total population: 97%


male: 97%


female: 98% (1987 est.)		 -
Location islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about midway between South America and Africa; Ascension Island lies 700 nm northwest of Saint Helena; Tristan da Cunha lies 2300 nm southwest of Saint Helena Southeastern Asia, group of small islands and reefs in the South China Sea, about one-third of the way from central Vietnam to the northern Philippines
Map references Africa Southeast Asia
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm		 NA
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK occupied by China
National holiday Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926) -
Nationality noun: Saint Helenian(s)


adjective: Saint Helenian


note: referred to locally as "Saints"		 -
Natural hazards active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha, last eruption in 1961 typhoons
Natural resources fish, lobster none
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) -
Political parties and leaders none -
Political pressure groups and leaders none -
Population 7,502


note: only Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha islands are inhabited (July 2006 est.)		 no indigenous inhabitants

note:
there are scattered Chinese garrisons (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 0.56% (2006 est.) -
Ports and harbors - small Chinese port facilities on Woody Island and Duncan Island being expanded
Radio broadcast stations Saint Helena: AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0


Ascension: AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 1 (2005)		 -
Religions Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/female


total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2006 est.)		 -
Suffrage NA years of age -
Telephone system general assessment: can communicate worldwide


domestic: automatic digital network


international: country code - 290; international direct dialing; satellite voice and data communications; satellite earth stations - 5 (Ascension Island - 4, Saint Helena - 1)		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 2,200 (2002) -
Telephones - mobile cellular NA -
Television broadcast stations 0


note: three television channels are received in Saint Helena via satellite and distributed by UHF (2005)		 -
Terrain the islands of this group result from volcanic activity associated with the Atlantic Mid-Ocean Ridge


Saint Helena: rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains


Ascension: surface covered by lava flows and cinder cones of 44 dormant volcanoes; ground rises to the east


Tristan da Cunha: sheer cliffs line the coastline of the nearly circular island; the flanks of the central volcanic peak are deeply dissected; narrow coastal plain lies between The Peak and the coastal cliffs		 mostly low and flat
Total fertility rate 1.55 children born/woman (2006 est.) -
Transportation - note there is no air connection to Saint Helena or Tristan da Cunha; an international airport for Saint Helena is in development for 2010 -
Unemployment rate 14% (1998 est.) -
Waterways - none
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